Michael S. (1011160)

CPDLC messages can be communicated to aircraft equipped with VDL Mode 2 Communications or Satellite Communications (SatComm). The system indicates which aircraft have SatComm equipment so that controllers can accurately know which aircraft can be issued CPDLC messages in areas where VDL Mode 2 Communications are inconsistent or not available. Display of the SatComm Indicator is also based on a display filter controlled by a button on the RA-position Toolbar, which toggles the indicator On/Off. On the RA position, this button is on the RA-position toolbar (see Figure 2–18, Toggling the SatComm Indicator). Figure 2–18. Toggling the SatComm Indicator Eligibility for a SatComm Indicator to be displayed for a flight is based on the ICAO Field 10a data for the flight. If the flight’s ICAO Field 10a contains a J5 (CPDLC FANS INMARSAT) or a J7 (CPDLC FANS Iridium) or J5 and J7, then the flight is considered to be equipped for satellite communications. The system uses an asterisk as the SatComm Indicator and can be displayed in the ACL and in an FR. ACL In the ACL, the SatComm indicator will immediately follow the call sign. If there are any CPDLC indicators eligible to display to the right of the call sign, they are displayed to the right of the SatComm indicator (see Figure 2–19, FDB with SatComm Indicator). If the SatComm indicator is not displayed, any CPDLC indicators will be displayed immediately to the right of the call sign. Figure 2–19. ACL with SatComm Indicator The SatComm Indicator is not a selectable field within the ACL, as there is no action that can be taken on it. Attempts to select it as an individual field result in the display of the invalid selection cursor and sounding of the invalid selection tone. FR For Flight Plan readouts that are displayed in the RA, the SatComm indicator immediately follows the Aircraft ID (see Figure 2–20, FR with SatComm Indicator). Figure 2–20. FR with SatComm Indicator

For flights with multiple plans, when an “FR AID” or “QF AID” command is entered, the FLID Duplication Message (Figure 2–16) will be displayed in the Response Area with plans associated with that FLID listed in the following order: Basis AOR or Proxy plan for an active flight Non-basis AOR or Proxy plans for an active flight ordered by local penetration time or inbound coordination fix time if there is no local penetration, earliest to latest Basis AOI plan for an active flight Non-basis AOI plans for an active flight ordered by most recent Area Of Interest Distribution Responsibility (AOIDR) time Proposed flights ordered by P-time The FLID Duplication response message provides an indication of the system determined correct plan when an overlapping plans condition exists. The indication is a right pointing arrow preceding the line of output that contains the information for the plan that the system has been identified as the plan for the controller to work with. The message also indicates when a plan is expired and when it is an AOI plan with the suffix EXP or AOI. The FLID Duplication also displays the external facility an AOR or Proxy plan has been, or will be, coordinated with (outbound) and the outbound crossing time, if applicable. If there is no outbound crossing, then no facility or time is displayed. If there is no AOR penetration, and therefore no outbound crossing, no facility ID or time is displayed. AOI plans do not show outbound coordination data, but do show the facility that supplied the plan. Figure 2–16. Response Area View FLID Duplication Message To assist the controller in resolving an overlapping plan condition, a variation of the Flight Plan Readout (FR) can be used which displays all FPs for a flight. The syntax of this command is “FR AID *” or “QF * AID”. If the plans resolve to a single plan, that plan’s data is displayed. If the result would be an overlapping plan condition, in the Response Area View, the Multiple Plans Readout (Figure 2–17) will display multiple plans in the same order as the FR message above. The FP Readout provides an indication of the system determined correct plan when an overlapping plans condition exists. The indication is a right pointing arrow preceding the line of output that contains the information for the plan that has been identified as the plan for the controller to work with. The message also indicates when a plan is expired and when it is an AOI plan with the suffix EXP or AOI. The FP Readout also displays the external facility an AOR or Proxy plan has been, or will be, coordinated with (outbound) and the outbound crossing time, if applicable. If there is no outbound crossing, then no facility or time is displayed. If there is no AOR penetration, and therefore no outbound crossing, no facility ID or time is displayed. AOI plans do not show outbound coordination data, but do show the facility that supplied the plan. Figure 2–17. Multiple Plans Readout

A flight plan readout is necessary for the user to access information about a flight. There are several flight plan readout types used to access the available flight information. Flight Plan information Command: FR <FLID> Results: The flight plan information will display in the Response Area (see Figure 2–11, Flight Plan Information Displayed in the RA-position Response Area). Figure 2–11. Flight Plan Information Displayed in the RA-position Response Area Command: QF <FLID> Results: The flight plan information will display in the R-position Continuous Flight Plan Readout (CFR) View if it is open (see Figure 2–12, Flight Plan Information Displayed in the CFR), if not, in the R-position Response Area (see Figure 2–13, Flight Plan Information Displayed in the Response Area). Figure 2–12. Flight Plan Information Displayed in the R-position CFR Figure 2–13. Flight Plan Information Displayed in the R-position Response Area ICAO Flight Plan Information Command: FR <FLID> I Results: The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) flight plan information is displayed in the RA-position Response Area. Command: QF I <FLID> Results: The flight plan information will display in the R-position Response Area. The ICAO flight plan information in the Response Area of the RA and R-position will appear the same (see Figure 2–14, ICAO Flight Plan Information Displayed in the Response Area). Figure 2–14. ICAO Flight Plan Information Displayed in the Response Area CPDLC Session information Command: FR <FLID> D Results: The CPDLC Session information is displayed in the RA-position Response Area. Command: QF D <FLID> Results: The CPDLC Session information will display in the R-position Response Area. The CPDLC Session information in the Response Area of the RA and R-position will appear the same (see Figure 2–15, CPDLC Session Information Displayed in the Response Area). Figure 2–15. CPDLC Session Information Displayed in the Response Area

mergency Airport Information is formatted and displayed in the Response Area. See Figure 2–9, Emergency Airport Information Format. Figure 2–9. Emergency Airport Information Format The format for Emergency Airport Information is explained in Table 2–3, Emergency Airport Information Format. Table 2–3. Emergency Airport Information Format Line Item Description Line 1 Each field separated by a space. Airport Name Adapted airport name Airport Identifier Adapted airport identifier Flight Service Station Flight Service Station which provides service to that airport Line 2 If the display width is set to the minimum setting, 25 characters, the Lighting indicator section may text wrap to the next line. Each field separated by a space. Elevation Airport elevation Runway Surface and Length Lists the runway surface composition followed by the length in feet. The runway surface descriptions are adapted as hard or soft. The acronyms are listed below: Hard Surface ASPH - asphalt ASPH-CONC - asphalt/concrete ASPH-TRTD - asphalt/treated CONC - concrete ICE - ice PEM - partially concrete/asphalt/other hard material Soft Surface DIRT - dirt GRVL - gravel GRVL-DIRT - gravel/dirt GRVL-TRTD - gravel/treated GRVL-TURF - gravel/turf SAND - sand SNOW - snow TURF - turf TURF-DIRT - turf/dirt TURF-GRVL - turf/gravel WATER - water Runway Direction A slash (/) separates the Runway Length and Direction. There are two sets of two numbers in the Runway Direction section separated by a dash (-). The first 2 numbers indicate the Runway Direction and the second two indicate the reciprocal Runway Direction. Lighting Indicator/PCL Frequency (when available) "L" is displayed when the runway lighting is ground controlled, or "L*" is displayed followed by the PCL Frequency when the runway lighting is PCL. There is no space between the 'L*' and the PCL Frequency. This section can provide the airport lighting schedule and can refer the user to the lighting remarks section for more lighting information. If the lighting schedule displays SS-SR, then the lights are on all night and the PCL frequency is not included. For any other value, check the lighting remarks: If the lighting remarks contain “CTAF”, the CTAF Frequency will be included. If lighting remarks contain “UNICOM”, the UNICOM Frequency will be included. If neither “CTAF” or “UNICOM” are included, other lighting remarks will be displayed. Line 3 Line 3 has two formats, NAVAID format or Fix Radial Distance (FRD) format. The NAVAID format is used if NAVAID service is available at the airport (e.g., ILS). If NAVAID service is not available at the airport, the FRD format (the fix radial distance off the closest NAVAID) will be used instead. Each field separated by a space. NAVAID Information NAVAID format, each field separated by a space: NAVAID identifier Type NAVAID Serving Airport FRD format, no spaces: Fix Radial Distance to closest NAVAID Automated Weather Information (optional) Separated from the NAVAID Information by a space, and each field is separated by a space: Station Label Station Frequency Line 4 Communications Frequency Data (optional) Each component of this field is separated by a space. Communication Frequency Label Communication Frequency The format for helipads adapted as emergency airports is explained in Table 2–4, Emergency Heliport Information Format. Table 2–4. Emergency Heliport Information Format Line Item Description Line 1 Each field separated by a space. Heliport Name Adapted heliport name Heliport Identifier Adapted heliport identifier Flight Service Station Flight Service Station which provides service to that heliport Line 2 If the display width is set to the minimum setting, 25 characters, the Lighting indicator section may text wrap to the next line. Each field separated by a space. Elevation Heliport elevation Heliport Surface Lists the heliport surface composition followed by the heliport indicator (HELI) and the dimensions in feet. The heliport surface descriptions are adapted as hard or soft. The acronyms are listed below: Hard Surface ASPH - asphalt ASPH-CONC - asphalt/concrete ASPH-TRTD - asphalt/treated CONC - concrete ICE - ice PEM - partially concrete/asphalt/other hard material Soft Surface DIRT - dirt GRVL - gravel GRVL-DIRT - gravel/dirt GRVL-TRTD - gravel/treated GRVL-TURF - gravel/turf SAND - sand SNOW - snow TURF - turf TURF-DIRT - turf/dirt TURF-GRVL - turf/gravel WATER - water Heliport Indicator HELI Heliport Dimensions The heliport dimensions are listed as length X width in feet. Lighting Indicator/PCL Frequency (when available) "L" is displayed when the runway lighting is ground controlled, or "L*" is displayed followed by the PCL Frequency when the runway lighting is PCL. There is no space between the 'L*' and the PCL Frequency. This section can provide the airport lighting schedule and can refer the user to the lighting remarks section for more lighting information. If the lighting schedule displays SS-SR, then the lights are on all night and the PCL frequency is not included. For any other value, check the lighting remarks: If the lighting remarks contain “CTAF”, the CTAF Frequency will be included. If lighting remarks contain “UNICOM”, the UNICOM Frequency will be included. If neither “CTAF” or “UNICOM” are included, other lighting remarks will be displayed. Line 3 Line 3 has two formats, NAVAID format or Fix Radial Distance (FRD) format. The NAVAID format is used if NAVAID service is available at the airport (e.g., ILS). If NAVAID service is not available at the airport, the FRD format (the fix radial distance off the closest NAVAID) will be used instead. Each field separated by a space. NAVAID Information NAVAID format, each field separated by a space: NAVAID identifier Type NAVAID Serving Heliport FRD format, no spaces: Fix Radial Distance to closest NAVAID Automated Weather Information (optional) Separated from the NAVAID Information by a space, and each field is separated by a space: Station Label Station Frequency Line 4 Communications Frequency Data (optional) Each component of this field is separated by a space. Communication Frequency Label Communication Frequency If the information exceeds the set character length for a line, the information will wrap to the next line and push the remaining lines down (see Figure 2–10, Emergency Airport Information with Text Wrap) Figure 2–10. Emergency Airport Information with Text Wrap

The Emergency Airport Information can be invoked from the RA-position by utilizing the AI keyboard command. AI Keyboard Command Format: AI <Airport ID> See Figure 2–7, AI Keyboard Command. Figure 2–7. AI Keyboard Command When the emergency airport is a heliport, the Emergency Airport Information will be displayed with the characters HELI and the dimensions of the heliport in line 2 (see Figure 2–8, AI Heliport Output). Figure 2–8. AI Heliport Output

The system provides the user with information about nearby airports when requested. This information is locally adapted, and allows users to view emergency airports on the display, and to view information associated with that airport, called the Emergency Airport Information. The Emergency Airport Information is displayed in the Response Area for the requested emergency airport. This includes the airport identification, elevation, runway characteristics, lighting availability, NAVAID, the associated Flight Service Station, and optionally, frequencies. The frequencies displayed for an emergency airport can include Pilot Controlled Lighting (PCL), Automated Weather Observing System (AWOS), Automated Surface Observing System (ASOS), Common Traffic Advisory Frequency (CTAF), and Universal Communication (UNICOM) station.

The movable menu gives the user the ability to move the associated menu to a position on the display where the menu does not cover data that needs to be seen. This functionality only exists for the Route Menu at the present time. A Movable Menu is designated with a gold triangle on the upper left corner of the menu header (see Figure 2–5, Movable Menu Indicator). Figure 2–5. Movable Menu Indicator To move a menu, the user TBPs anywhere in the menu header not devoted to another pick area. The actions to move a menu are the same as those for moving a view. Once the move is started, a wireframe is displayed with the trackball cursor attached. The user can drag the wireframe in the same manner that they drag a view wireframe to place it. The user selects a location on the display to drop the menu in its new position. During the move process of a Movable menu, input actions on the keyboard or keypad will have the same behavior as making the input during the move of a View. If the user presses the Clear key on the keyboard, the move is cancelled and the menu will remain at its original position. Other keyboard keys are disabled during a move. If during the move the user presses a key on the keypad, the input is ignored. After a Movable Menu is moved to a new display location, if the Movable Menu is closed and later reopened, it will reopen at the location it was moved to by the user. A Movable Menu is closed when the controller completes an action on the menu (e.g., generates an amendment), picks on the menu exit pick area (the X at the right side of the menu header), selects outside of the menu, or presses specific keyboard keys (e.g., Category Selection key, Clear key, MSG ACK key). On the RA-position, when a Movable Menu is displayed, the Flight ID (CID and ACID) in the ACL entry is highlighted with reverse video, in addition to the field that was used for flight selection (see Figure 2–6, RA-Position Route Menu With Associated ACL Emphasis). If the menu is closed due to completing a command (submitting a flight plan amendment, requesting a Confirm Assigned Route uplink), all highlighting is removed. If another movable menu is opened from a movable menu, only the highlighting on the Flight ID will remain. If another menu is opened from the Movable Menu, the highlighting will remain until the subsequently opened menu is closed, unless another menu is opened from that menu. Figure 2–6. RA-Position Route Menu With Associated ACL Emphasis

ERAM introduces a variety of button types that allow the user to navigate through and manipulate views at the RA-Position. These button types include: Menu buttons: used to display/suppress a toolbar menu. Toggle buttons: used to display/suppress data on the display. Toggle buttons by TBP/TBE. If data associated with the toggle button is not displayed, selecting the toggle button displays the data. If data associated with the toggle button is displayed, selecting the toggle button suppresses the data. Increment/decrement buttons: used to set the value of an attribute that is associated with the button (for example font size, brightness, and length). To increment a value, the user selects TBE; to decrement a value; the user selects TBP. Command buttons: used to start the composition of a command. Command buttons toggle between activated and deactivated when selected.

Multiple windows can be displayed simultaneously on the RA-Position flat panel display, but the user can only interact with one window at a time. Additionally, only one copy of a particular window can be displayed at any one time. The window that has the trackball cursor within its boundaries is said to have window focus. Only windows with focus can be manipulated. A window with focus has a cyan colored Window Title Bar. The Title Bar is gray if the window does not have focus. To minimize a display, TBP the Minimize button (-) in the Title Bar. To restore a view that has been minimized, TBP on the button representing the display on the RA-Position Toolbar. To move a display, TBP and hold the trackball button anywhere in the Title Bar. Move the display to the desired location and then release the trackball button. To close a view, TBP on a Views Menu button (M) and select the CLOSE option. Some displays cannot be closed. In such a case the CLOSE option is not available. A view can be sized by TBP and dragging the sides or corners of a view. The term “dragging” means to TBP on an object and hold down the select button while increasing or decreasing the size of the display window. If a view window is displayed at less than its largest size, it can be maximized by a TBP of the Maximize button (□) in the upper-right corner of the Title Bar. If more than one display is open on the screen, one display may overlap the other. To raise the display in the back to the front of the display, TBP anywhere within the Title Bar of the view window, side edges, or bottom edge. To lower a display so that it is placed at the bottom of the stack of all other currently displayed windows, select the Window Menu Button, then select Lower on the resulting menu. Also, when a view is not currently displayed on top, it can be raised or lowered by a TBP on its icon in the RA-Position Toolbar. Keyboard shortcuts for raising and lowering views are described in Section 2.5, Keyboard Shortcuts. ERAM windows have a logical default position that allows easy access to all windows. To reset RA-Position views to their default position use the keyboard shortcut procedure described in , Resetting Display Locations and Sizes. Figure 2–4, Display Controls (DC) View, displays the current volume of the message waiting alarm tone. Figure 2–4. Display Controls (DC) View Use the following steps to set the alarm volume tone via the keyboard: Press the MULTI-FUNC key and the up arrow key. The tone reflecting an increase in the volume sounds and the number in the DC display changes to reflect the alarm volume setting. Press the MULTI-FUNC key and the down arrow key. The tone reflecting a decrease in the volume sounds and the number in the DC display changes to reflect the alarm volume setting. A “0” setting provides a mute capability. Use the following steps to set the alarm volume tone via the trackball: Position the trackball cursor on the pick area and click the Trackball Pick (TBP) button. The tone reflecting a decrease in the volume sounds and the number in the DC display changes to reflect the alarm volume setting. A “0” setting provides a mute capability. Position the trackball cursor on the pick area and click the Trackball Enter (TBE) button. The tone reflecting an increase in the volume sounds and the number in the DC display changes to reflect the alarm volume setting.

Numbers on the ACL and DEP Toolbar buttons indicate the number of aircraft entries in the ACL and DL. The SIG, NOT, and GI buttons have a yellow border and yellow text when there are unacknowledged entries in their view. Numbers on the buttons indicate the number of unacknowledged entries. When no unacknowledged entries exist, the buttons have a white border and white text. If the view contains entries, a check mark appears on the button. When the PLANS button is coded with gray text, the Plans Display has no entries. Buttons other than STATUS and OUTAGE can have the following backgrounds: Gray: View is displayed Black: View is suppressed Yellow: A failure condition has caused information in the view to be old The STATUS button can have the following states: Yellow background and black text: View is not displayed and the alternate channel indicator has been added or deleted or the current channel mode has been changed. The user changing from one channel to another will not trigger yellow coding. Black background and white text: View is not displayed and there are no unacknowledged changes to channel status. Gray background and white text: View is displayed. The OUTAGE button can have the following states: Red background and white text: View is not displayed and there is at least one unacknowledged safety critical service status change (e.g., Flight Data Service). Yellow background and black text: View is not displayed and there is at least one unacknowledged additional status change(s) and no unacknowledged safety critical service status change(s). Black background and white text: View is not displayed and there is an acknowledged safety critical or an acknowledged additional status change(s). Gray background and white text: View is displayed and there is an entry in the view. Black background and gray text: View is not displayed and there is no entry in the view. The last box on the right side of the toolbar is the Message Waiting Indicator. If there is a message waiting in the UA View, MSG WAIT will appear in yellow in the box; otherwise, it will be displayed in gray. The message can be acknowledged by a TBP in this box. The message can also be acknowledged by pressing the Message Ack button on the RA-position keyboard. When a message is acknowledged, the UA View is placed at the top of the RA-Position display and shows the message. The Channel Mode Banner is displayed just below the toolbar menu buttons when the current channel is in PENDING or TEST mode. It displays the status of the current channel in red text on a black background. RA-Position views that have a title bar at the top contain the following pick areas: View Title: identifies the view and can be used to move the view. Menu (M): button displays the associated view's View Menu. Minimize View (-): button closes the view. When data in a view has not been updated due to an outage, the following indicators are used in the title bar of the view: The view title bar has a yellow background and black text. The word OLD is inserted prior to the view title. For more detailed information refer to Section 4.15, Status View.

Table 2–1 lists the Toolbar buttons available on the RA-Position display, a description, and a pointer to subsequent sections about the functionality of the display or view associated with that button. Table 2–1. Toolbar Buttons Toolbar Button Description Toolbar Location Arrow Adjusts Toolbar position on the display MORE Displays/suppresses the second line of the toolbar ACL Displays or raises/lowers the Aircraft List view DEP Displays or raises/lowers the Departure List view GPD Displays or raises/lowers the Graphic Plan Display view PLANS Displays or raises/lowers the Plans Display view WX REPORT Displays/suppresses the Weather Station Report view SIG Displays/suppresses the SIGMET view NOTAM Displays/suppresses the NOTAM view GI Displays/suppresses the General Information Messages view UA Displays/suppresses the Update Area view CPDLC ADV Displays/suppresses the Advisory View CPDLC HIST Displays/suppresses the Message History view CPDLC MSGOUT Displays/suppresses the Message Out view KEEP ALL When selected, keeps all entries in the ACL and DEP and adds a gray background to the Bookkeeping Box. When de-selected, the current Bookkeeping Box setting is restored (i.e., new entry coding [“N”], check mark, or blank) for each entry. STATUS Displays/suppresses the Status view OUTAGE Displays/suppresses the Outage view TIME (clock) Displays system time NON-ADSB Displays/suppresses the Non-ADSB indicator in the ACL, GPD, and DEP views SAT COMM Enables/disables the display of the SatComm Indicator MSG WAIT Accesses a queued message waiting in the Update Area view WIND Displays or raises/lowers the Wind Grid Display view ALTIM SET Displays/suppresses the Altimeter Settings view MCA Displays/suppresses the Message Composition Area view RA Displays/suppresses the Response Area view FEL Displays/suppresses the Flight Event List view

The RA-Position Toolbar enables the user to display and suppress views at the RA-Position workstation. It also provides: A current count of the number of flights in the Aircraft List and DL. The current time (i.e., Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). A Message Waiting (MSG WAIT) indicator. A Channel Mode Banner. Except for the area taken up by the toolbar, the entire viewable RA-Position workstation monitor screen is available to display system views. Yellow coding is used in a toolbar button to indicate that user action is required for an RA-Position view. For the toolbar shown in Figure 2–1, RA-Position Toolbar – User Action Required (MORE Button Selected), the following yellow coding applies: The SIGMETS (SIG), NOTAMS (NOT), and General Information (GI) buttons: have a yellow border and yellow text when there are unacknowledged entries in their view. Numbers on the buttons indicate the number of unacknowledged entries. STATUS button (yellow background and black text): view is not displayed and the alternate channel indicator has been added or deleted, or the current channel mode has been changed. The user changing from one channel to another will not trigger yellow coding. The OUTAGE button (yellow background and black text): view is not displayed and there is at least one unacknowledged, additional status change(s) and no unacknowledged safety critical service status change(s). The MSG WAIT button: text is yellow indicating that there are messages in the queue waiting to be displayed in the Update Area View. Figure 2–1. RA-Position Toolbar – User Action Required (MORE Button Selected) When no user action is required, toolbar buttons will have a black background and a white label as shown in Figure 2–2, RA-Position Toolbar – No User Action Required (MORE Button Not Selected). The white check mark (√) shown in the toolbar button replaces the number of new entries to indicate that there are no new entries in the respective view. When there are no entries associated with the respective view, the white check mark (√) is removed. Figure 2–2. RA-Position Toolbar – No User Action Required (MORE Button Not Selected) The buttons for “ACL” and “DEP” will show an indicator when the associated display has at least one flight entry that contains an unacknowledged UTM. Figure 2–3, RA-Position Toolbar – Unacknowledged UTMs (MORE Button Not Selected), shows the first row of the Toolbar as it would appear if there is at least one unacknowledged UTM in the ACL and the DL. Figure 2–3. RA-Position Toolbar – Unacknowledged UTMs (MORE Button Not Selected) The RA-Position Toolbar is always displayed and no other display can overlap it. The toolbar can be moved only to the top or bottom of the monitor. If the toolbar is at the top of the monitor, a down-pointing Location Arrow is shown. TBP the down-pointed Location Arrow moves the toolbar to the bottom of the monitor and an up-pointing arrow is then displayed. When the toolbar is at the bottom of the monitor, TBP the up-pointed Location Arrow moves the toolbar to the top of the monitor. The names of the RA-Position Toolbar buttons are listed in the table below. Each toolbar button serves as a toggle to minimize or maximize each RA-Position view except for the following, which are used to raise or lower the respective view: ACL (Aircraft List) DEP (Departure List) GPD (Graphic Plan Display) PLANS (Plans Display) WIND (Wind Grid Display) Resting the trackball cursor over a toolbar button provides a trackball cursor selection emphasis box. To display a view that is not currently displayed, TBP on its respective toolbar button. Areas in the toolbar that are not pickable do not receive a trackball cursor selection emphasis box. When the user attempts to pick a non-pickable area, the system displays a trackball Invalid Selection Cursor.