VFR station-referenced Class I navigation is any operation conducted within the operational service volumes of ICAO standard navigation aids under visual flight rules (VFR) which uses nonvisual navigation aids (stations), such as VOR, VOR/DME, or NDB as the primary navigation reference. VFR station-referenced Class I navigation includes Class I navigation conducted on-airways and off-airway routings predicated on airways navigation facilities. These operations also include Class I navigation using an area navigation system which is certificated for IFR flights over the routes being flown.
